Contents

Invited Lecture

Lessons Learned from the World Trade Center Disaster about Critical Lifeline Systems

T. D. O’Rourke, Arthur J. Lembo and Linda K. Nozick

I. Response and Design of Pipelines Subject to Permanent Ground Deformation

Requirements for Designing Safe and Cost Effective Pipelines in Seismic Areas

S. T. Barbas

Numerical Study for Rupture Behavior of Buried Gas Pipeline Subjected to Seismic Fault Displacement

Y. Ogawa, Y. Fujita, Y. Yanou, T. Mekata, M. Kawakami and K. Watanabe

Design Considerations to Ensure Pipeline Integrity at Fault Crossing

N. Suzuki, H. Kishino, K. Yoshizaki and S. Yasuda

Centrifuge Modeling of PGD Response of Buried Pipe

M. J. O’Rourke, V. Gadicherla and T. Abdoun

Seismic Effect for Submarine Pipelines by Active Fault Movement

O. Kiyomiya, M. Ichihashi and T. Kikuchi

Recommended Practice for Design of Gas Transmission Pipelines in Areas Subject to Liquefaction

T. Kobayashi, K. Shimamura, N. Oguchi, Y. Ogawa, T. Uchida, S. Kojima, T. Kitano and K. Tamamoto

II. Design, Mitigation, and Rehabilitation of Lifeline Systems

Pipeline Seismic Mitigation using Trenchless Technology

L. V. Lund

Earthquake-Resistant Design for Pipelines Subjected to Permanent Ground Deformation using EPS Backfill

K. Yoshizaki and T. Sakanoue

Effects of Ground Movements on Concrete Channels

C.A. Davis, J. P. Bardet and J. Hu

Effectiveness of Remedial Measures by Shear Deformation Constraint Method

N. Yoshida and H. Kiku

Seismic Risk Management of Lifeline Systems

K. Yamamoto, M. Hoshiya and H. Ohno

Development of Earthquake Resistance Evaluation Method for Buried Pipeline Networks

Y. Shimizu, K. Koganemaru and N. Suzuki

III. Advancing the State-of-the-Art of Liquefaction Hazard Mapping

Application of the Liquefaction Potential Index to Liquefaction Hazard Mapping

T. L. Holzer, S. Toprak, and M. J. Bennett

Spatial Modeling of Liquefaction-Induced Ground Deformation in Kobe Port-Island

J. P. Bardet and J. Hu

Ground Deformation and Questionnaire Survey for Witnesses of Liquefaction During the 2000 Tottori-ken Seibu Earthquake

M. Miyajima, M. Yoshida and M. Kitaura

Discriminant Technique of Liquefaction by Use of Observed Earthquake Records

J. Kiyono, K. Toki and M. Morishita

Estimation of the Zones Susceptible to Liquefaction-Induced Flow in Tokyo

S. Yasuda, Y. Shimizu, K. Koganemaru, R. Isoyama, E. Ishida and K. Matsumoto

IV. Fault Ruptures, Ground Movement and Their Effects on Structures

Actual Observations and Numerical Simulations of Surface Fault Ruptures and Their Effects on Engineering Structures

Ö. Aydan

Dynamic Simulation of Base Fault Motion for Studying Ground Surface Deformation

K. Meguro and P. K. Ramancharla

Seismic Compression: Effects on Lifelines and Updated Analysis Method

J. P. Stewart, D. H. Whang and P. M. Smith

Fault-Inflicted Damage to Civil Infrastructures - Lessons Learned and Possible Remedial Measures

K. Konagai

Near-Field Effects of the 2000 Western Tottori-Prefecture Earthquake on Kasho Dam

T. Ohmachi, N. KOJIMA and A. MURAKAMI

An Experimental Study on Fault Rupture Propagation in Sandy Soil Deposit

J. W. Lee, R. Iwanaga, G. Tabuchi and M. Hamada

V. Evaluation of Seismic Performance of Lifeline Systems

Seismic Performance Criteria for Lifeline Systems

M. Shinozuka and X. Dong

Damage Assessment of Railway Structures Using Numerical Simulation and Vibration Measurement

F. Uehan and K. Meguro

Seismic Performance Evaluation Method for Underground Structures

T. Nishioka and S. Unjoh

Numerical Modeling of Seismic Response of Earth Dams on Liquefiable Foundation

Z. Yang, A. W. Elgamal, K. Adalier and M. Sharp

Evaluation of Dynamic Earthpressures Acting on Subway Structure Subjected to Earthquake Loading

A. Che and T. Iwatate

Interpretation and Visualization of Model Test Data for Slope Failure in Liquefying Soil

B.L. Kutter, E. Malvic, R.Kulasingam and R.Boulanger

VI. Liquefaction Potential and Characteristics of Soils by Field and Laboratory Experiments

Direct Evaluation of the Liquefaction Characteristics of Soil In Situ

E. M. Rathje, W. J. Chang and K. H. Stokoe, II

A Monitoring and Visualization Technique for Liquefaction Using Resistivity

M. Jinguuji, S. Kunimatsu and S. Toprak

Liquefaction Potential of Natwe Ground in West Kobe, Japan by the Spectral Analysis of Surface Waves (SASW) Method

R. Kayen, Y. Tanaka, T. Kishida and S. Sugimoto

Experimental Evaluation of Viscid Properties of Liquefied Sand

J. Kawamura, K. Hattori and H. Akagi

Selection of a Reinforcement Method for Sewage System Structures Based on Earthquake Risk Management

T. Kawakami, K. Yamamoto,T. Ohsumi and A. Yuasa

New Type Simulation Model for Sand Deposit During Huge Earthquake: Shaking Table Test and Simulation

S. Okamoto, K. Sakashita and K. Fukushima

Rate-dependency of Sand Under Low Effective Stress as Observed in Laboratory Shear Tests

I. Towhata and C. P. Gallage

Estimating for Use in Evaluating Cyclic Resistance of Sloping Ground

I. M. Idriss and R. W. Boulanger

VII. AND VIII. Behavior of Piles in Liquefied and Laterally Spreading Ground

Behaviour of Piles in Group Undergoing Lateral Flow in Centrifuge Tests

S. Imamura, T. Hagiwara, Y. Tsukamoto and K. Ishihara

Seismic Response of Large Diameter Cast in Place Concrete Piles in Layered Liquefiable Soils

W. D. L. Finn and N. Fujita

Characteristics of the External Force Acting on a Pile During Liquefaction-induced Lateral Flow of the Ground

S. Higuchi and T. Matsuda

3-Dimensional Simulation of Pile-Ground System During Liquefaction and Following Ground Flow Process

T. Sato, T. Matsumaru, F. Zhang, Y. Moon and R. Uzuoka

Evaluation of Passive Site Remediation Against Earthquake Induced Liquefaction and Its Hazards Effect on Deep Foundations

A. Pamuk, T. Abdoun and P.M. Gallagher

An Experimental Study on External Forces From Flowing Liquefied Soil on Foundation Piles

J. H. Jang, A. Hirao, M. Kurita, and M. Hamada

Measurement of Ground Deformation Induced by Liquefaction and Faulting in the Earthquake Area of the 1999 Kocaeli Earthquake

O. Aksu, J. P. Bardet, V. O. Atak, M. Onder and Ö. Aydan

Observed Behavior of Lifelines Subjected to Lateral Spreading: Tokachi Blast Experiment

S. A. Ashford and T. Juirnarongri

Stiffness and Damping of Soil-Pile System in Liquefaction Process

H. Mizuno and T. Hirade

Performance of Retrofitted Pile Foundations Subjected to Seismically Induced Lateral Spreading

T. Abdoun and Y. Wang and R. Dobry

Analysis of Soil-Pile Interaction

S. Iai and T. Tobita

IX. Ground Motion Characteristics and Liquefaction

Statistical Investigation of the Relationship Between Building Damage and Ground Performance, Including Liquefaction, During the 1995 Hyogoken-Nambu (Kobe) Earthquake

K. Wakamatsu and A. Numata

Effects of Ground Motion Characteristics and Fines Content on Liquefaction Resistance Based on Case Histories

T. Sasaki, K. Tamura, O. Matsuo and S. Nakamura

Influence of Liquefaction on Response Spectra at Wildlife, California and Port Island, Japan Instrument Sites

T. L. Youd and B. L. Carter

Energy-Based Liquefaction Analysis of Earthquake Site Response

T. Tobita and J. P. Bardet

Appendices

Working Group Reports

Design, Mitigation and Rehabilitation of Lifeline Systems against Earthquakes

Liquefaction, Lateral Spreads, Fault Ruptures, and Permanent Ground Deformation Effects on Structures

Workshop Technical Program

Workshop Participants